Erbium (Er) doped gilashin phosphateyana nuna kaddarorin masu amfani da yawa, wanda ya haifar da karuwar buƙatu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don Er: Laser gilashi don aikace-aikace kamarFaɗi-jeri azaman binciken kewayon Laser, sadarwa mai nisa, dermatology, da Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).Erbium fiber amplifiers taimaka m sadarwa a duniya a cikin transpacific na USB tsakanin Hong Kong da Los Angeles, Er: Gilashin Laser rangefinders ana ƙara amfani aaikace-aikacen tsaro da bincike, kumaEr: gilashin kayan ado na lasersuna samun karbuwa gacire tabohar mamaganin rashin gashilalacewa ta hanyar androgenic alopecia.
Wadannan wurare masu girma na aikace-aikacen suna buƙatar gilashin Laser mai ma'ana mai mahimmanci tare da buƙatar juriya mai girma da kuma kayan shafa mai ƙarfi.Haƙuri mai tsauri yana ba masu haɗin tsarin kwarin gwiwa cewa ana iya sanya abubuwan cikin sauƙi cikin tsarin su ba tare da daidaitawa na lokaci ba, amma waɗannan ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna ba da ƙalubale ga masana'antun gilashin Laser.Ana buƙatar sarrafa tsari da kuma mai da hankali kan ilimin awo don masana'antun gilashin Laser don ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɓaka sararin Laser Optics NIR.
ME YA SA GLASS-DOPED ERBIUM?
A cikin shekaru da dama da suka gabata, an sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci a fasahar Laser na tushen phosphate dangane da ingantacciyar ƙarfin fitarwa, ɗan gajeren lokacin bugun jini, rage girman tsarin, da sabon tsayin aiki.Er: Gilashin Laser galibi suna fitarwa a tsawon madaidaicin ido na 1540nm, 1550nm, ko 1570nm, wanda ke da fa'ida sosai a cikin kewayon bincike da sauran yanayi inda za a iya fallasa mutane ga katako.Waɗannan tsayin igiyoyin suna amfana daga babban watsawa ta yanayi.1540nm kuma yana samun ƙarancin sha ta melanin, yana yin Er: Laser Laser mafi kyau ga aikace-aikacen Laser mai kyau akan marasa lafiya da launin duhu.
Hoto 1. Jihohin makamashi na erbium.Er: Gilashin Laser yawanci ana yin famfo da Laser 800nm ko 980nm kuma suna fitarwa a 1540nm ko 1570nm.
Gilashin phosphate ya kai babban watsawa kuma ana iya yin amfani da shi tare da atom ɗin duniya da ba kasafai ba kamar erbium da ytterbium ta yadda zai iya kaiwa ga juyewar yawan jama'a da lase lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa tsayin famfo na 800nm ko 980nm (Hoto na 1).Er: Hakanan ana iya fitar da gilashin ta hanyar photons a 1480nm, amma wannan ba abin da ake so ba ne saboda ana iya saukar da inganci ta hanyar yin famfo da haɓakar hayaƙi da ke faruwa a cikin tsayin raƙuman ruwa da makamashi.[3]Gilashin phosphate kuma suna amfana daga kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai da manyan kofofin lalacewa masu haifar da Laser (LIDTs), yin Er: gilashin da sauran gilashin phosphate ɗin doped ƴan takara masu kyau don kafofin watsa labarai na Laser NIR.
Gilashin phosphate suna da mafi girma na narkewar ions na duniya fiye da gilashin silicate, wanda ke da tsarin matrix mai tsauri.[1]Duk da haka, suna da kunkuntar bandwidth fiye da gilashin silicate kuma suna da ɗan ƙaramin hygroscopic, ma'ana suna ɗaukar ƙarin danshi daga iska.Sabili da haka, an iyakance su ga aikace-aikace a cikin bandwidth da tsarin su inda za a sami isasshen kariya daga danshi ta sutura ko wasu na'urorin gani.
HAKURI DA KYAU DA SHARRI
Yawancin aikace-aikacen da aka tattauna a baya, musamman ma'anar kewayon Laser don aikace-aikacen tsaro, galibi suna buƙatar ƙaramin Er: abubuwan gilashin tare da jurewar girma.Ana iya jefa waɗannan lallausan dalla-dalla na gilashin Laser ɗin zuwa cikin majalisai ba tare da wani jeri da ake buƙata ba.Suna iya sauka zuwa girman katin SIM kuma galibi basa nuna bevels saboda suna da kankanta (Hoto 2).Wannan yana ƙara yuwuwar guntuwar gefen.Samun daidaiton daidaito da ƙayyadaddun ingancin saman ƙasa akan waɗannan ƙananan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa na iya zama ƙalubale mai ban mamaki.Madaidaicin buɗaɗɗen buɗaɗɗen gani, ko yanki na farfajiyar gani wanda dole ne ya dace da duk ƙayyadaddun bayanai, yawanci kusan 100% ne, yana barin kaɗan zuwa babu daki don kuskure a gefen gefuna na gani.
Hoto 2. Er: Gilashin gilashin da ake amfani da su don gano kewayon Laser da sauran aikace-aikacen Laser na NIR galibi girman katin SIM na kowa ko ƙarami.
To, me ya sa aka shiga dukan wannan matsala?Maganganun da suka gabata sau da yawa sun haɗa da manyan ƙungiyoyin kristal da yawa waɗanda aka haɗe zuwa mashaya Nd: YAG.Waɗannan ƙarin abubuwan haɗin za su iya haɗawa da faranti na Brewster, masu shayarwa masu ɗorewa don sauyawa Q-switching, ko jujjuyawar mitar lu'ulu'u.Lu'ulu'u masu jujjuyawa akai-akai suna da mahimmanci a cikin kewayon kewayon ko wasu aikace-aikacen buɗe sararin samaniya saboda tsayin iskar neodymium yana da haɗari fiye da erbium kuma dole ne a matsar da shi zuwa tsayin tsayi mai tsayi kafin a iya watsa shi cikin nisa mai nisa.
Aikace-aikacen Rangefinder galibi suna da buƙatun girgiza da girgiza, wanda ke sa haɗa abubuwa da yawa tare yayin saduwa da duk ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu wahala.Motsawa daga waɗannan tsoffin ƙira zuwa guda ɗaya, gogeccen yanki na Er: gilashin yin ayyuka iri ɗaya tare da sutura iri-iri sun rage girman tsarin da farashi.Ana amfani da lu'ulu'u na YAG sau da yawa a kusurwar Brewster, amma ana iya samun sakamako iri ɗaya ta amfani da sutura.Tun da Er: gilashin gilashi yana buƙatar mai rufi ta wata hanya, yana da amfani don ƙarawa a cikin wannan nau'in sutura don shiryawa a cikin ayyuka masu yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma ajiye farashi a wani wuri.
Saboda gilashin phosphate suna da ɗan ƙaramin hygroscopic, idan ba a rufe shi ba Er: an bar gilashin a waje na kwanaki da yawa yana iya ƙasƙanta.Dole ne a sarrafa ingancin saman kafin rufewa don hana danshi daga motsi cikin gilashin.Rubutun da aka ajiye akan filaye masu gogewa na gilashin gilashin ƙarshe na taimaka musu kare su daga wannan lalata.
Ƙimar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙaƙƙarfan Er: gilashin gilashi sune <5 arcmin perpendicularity ga gefuna, <10 arcsec na perpendicularity ga iyakar, da kuma ingancin farfajiya fiye da 10-5 tono.Waɗannan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun buƙatun suna buƙatar tsaftataccen muhalli, sarrafawa sosai, da ƙarancin lokacin taɓawa.
Gilashin Laser yawanci kawai yana da filaye guda biyu masu gogewa a kan iyakar yayin da sauran saman ke ƙasa, amma wasu daga cikin bangarorin waɗannan Er: Gilashin gilashin kuma ana goge su kuma ana jurewa sosai don sauƙaƙe jeri.Zaɓin waɗanne ɓangarori don gogewa da sutura da farko, waɗanne ɓangarorin don gogewa kafin ko bayan dicing, da lokacin da za a yi amfani da goge-gefe ɗaya ko goge gefe biyu duk suna ƙayyade farashi da yawan amfanin ƙasa.Bambanci a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa tsakanin tsarin da ba a sani ba da kuma tsarin da ƙwararrun masana'anta suka inganta zai iya zama mai girma a sauƙi kamar kashi uku.
Don rage lokacin taɓawa da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, yana da kyau a sami duk masana'anta da sutura da aka yi a wuri ɗaya.Duk lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da ɓangaren da aka gama a tsakanin wurare daban-daban, yuwuwar kamuwa da cuta da lalacewa yana ƙaruwa sosai, tare da ƙarin lokacin jerin gwano.
MULKI MAI KYAU MAI KYAU
Kalubale ɗaya tare da kera ƙananan Er: gilashin gilashi don gano kewayon da sauran madaidaicin aikace-aikacen NIR shine cewa yawancin sutura masu yawa ana ajiye su akan fuskoki daban-daban na ɓangaren.Wannan yana da wahala saboda gyare-gyaren da ake buƙata da kariya na filaye marasa rufi kafin rufewa.Har ila yau, ƙalubale ne ga masana'antun su guje wa overspray ko busa ta a gefen baya na katako, wanda dole ne a kiyaye shi yayin sutura.Ƙarshen sun ƙunshi suturar anti-reflective (AR) tare da manyan lase-induced lalacewa kofa (LIDTs).Gefuna kuma suna da manyan kayan rufin LIDT AR don bari a cikin bututun famfo.Ƙarfin famfo koyaushe yana da girma fiye da na hayaki.Wasu fale-falen fale-falen buraka har ma suna da ƙarin sutura don ginanniyar madubin rami mai zurfi, nuna wariya mai tsayi, da ƙirjin haske.
HANKALI: IDAN BA ZA KA IYA AUNA BA BA ZA KA IYA YI BA
Madaidaicin ƙira da sarrafa tsari ba su da amfani ba tare da ingantattun matakan awo da ake buƙata don auna daidai da tabbatar da mahimman bayanai ba.Laser interferometers, kamar ZYGO Verifier, ana amfani da su sau da yawa don auna flatness, amma lokacin da aka auna ƙananan Er: gilashin gilashin baya ya fara tsoma baki tare da ma'auni na gaban gaba saboda buƙatar ƙayyadaddun daidaito.Masu aiki za su iya shawo kan wannan ta hanyar amfani da Vaseline ko wani abu a bayan bayansa, amma wannan saman yana buƙatar sake tsaftacewa kuma ana ƙara yiwuwar lalacewa.Duk da haka, ci gaban kwanan nan a ma'aunin kwanciyar hankali yana kawar da tasiri daga saman baya kuma ya ba da damar yin ma'auni mai laushi da sauri kuma tare da ƙarancin lalacewa.Chips a gefuna na slabs na iya hana masu aiki daga auna daidai gwargwado, wanda ke sa sarrafa tsari yayin masana'anta ya fi mahimmanci.Yawanci ana tabbatar da daidaito da wedge ta hanyar amfani da autocollimator wucewa sau biyu.
The girma aikace-aikace sarari ga Er: gilashin Laser zai ci gaba da tura Tantancewar bangaren masana'antun don ƙirƙirar mafi girma da kuma mafi girma madaidaicin Laser gilashin da coatings.1540nm da 1570nm aikace-aikacen Laser mai aminci na ido suna taimakawa yin amfani da aminci, haɓaka dogaro ta hanyar hanyoyin laser mai kyan gani, da haɓaka sadarwa mai nisa.Mafi kyawun shawarwarin da ake samu shine lokacin haɓaka tsarin laser na NIR;tattauna takamaiman buƙatun ku na aikace-aikacenku tare da mai ba da kayan aikin ku don jagora a cikin kewaya zaɓin zaɓi na ingantaccen gilashin Laser da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa.
Cory Boone ne ya rubuta wannan labarin, Injiniyan Kasuwancin Fasaha, Edmund Optics (Barrington, NJ) da Mike Middleton, Manajan Ayyuka, Edmund Optics Florida (Oldsmar, FL).
Ƙarin bayanin samfur, za ku iya zuwa ziyarci gidan yanar gizon mu:
https://www.erbiumtechnology.com/
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Lokacin Sabuntawa: Afrilu-01-2022
